
CMCG Topics / Global Health
PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESSSupport for Resilient Nations
How less-developed countries can close the gaps pandemics exploit — without waiting for high-tech solutions.

Dr. Aqsa Munir
CMCG Contributor
The gap pandemics exploit
Pandemics do not start by making a country weak. They exploit the cracks you already have: untrustworthy water, poor infection control, poor oxygen, slow lab results, shortages of supplies, and depleted staff. When these cracks are deep, preventable deaths go up, and public trust goes out the window. Being prepared is not about red tape — it is about filling the holes that pandemics exploit.
Strengthen basics that save lives in any surge
When budgets are small, prioritize the basics that save lives in any surge. Take oxygen, for instance. Many countries did not need advanced equipment — they needed a reliable oxygen supply system, pulse oximeters, and people to keep the system working. Oxygen is lifesaving in respiratory pandemics, but also in pneumonia, newborn care, trauma, and common surgeries.
Think of infection control as basic infrastructure: functional water, handwashing stations, cleaning solutions, functional isolation areas, and simple procedures that staff can follow in a crunch. Such improvements are not glamorous, but they can slow the spread of infection in health facilities and protect patients and staff.
"Health workers are not a resource you use. They are the system."
Make early warning fast, simple, and local
You don't need fancy software to spot outbreaks early. You need a system that listens and responds. Facilities should report unusual activity — fever, cough, mysterious deaths — locally, with a clear escalation plan. Local labs are often better than a national lab far away because time is of the essence.
Less dependence on imports for essentials
In the previous pandemic, many nations had less trouble with high tech and more with fundamentals: PPE, disinfectants, IV fluids, and generic drugs. As borders close, reliance on imports becomes a public health risk. Encourage local or regional manufacturing whenever possible, and improve purchasing to favor suppliers who deliver well and fairly.
Stockpiles are only useful if they are audited, refreshed, and allocated in a way that is transparent — to avoid graft and shelf-life waste. The aim is not to make everything yourself, but not to be caught with your hands empty when demand goes through the roof.
Protect and preserve the health workforce
Invest in the people who bear the response: on-time payment, improved working conditions, steady PPE, and training for actual work flows — triage, isolation, reporting, and risk communication. Health workers are not a resource you "use." They are the system.
The Bottom Line
Less developed countries should not have to plead for survival.
The best readiness is what is effective in your place: oxygen that flows, data that moves, supplies that are available, staff who are supported, and communities that believe in the response. Improve what serves people on good days, and it will serve you on bad days.
Five pillars of pandemic resilience
Oxygen & Infection Control
Reliable supply, pulse oximeters, handwashing stations.
Early Warning Systems
Local reporting, fast escalation, community-level labs.
Supply Independence
Regional manufacturing, audited stockpiles, transparent allocation.
Workforce Investment
Fair pay, steady PPE, training for real-world workflows.
Community Trust
Transparent communication that communities believe in.
About the author

Dr. Aqsa Munir
CMCG Contributor
Dr. Aqsa Munir writes on global health policy, pandemic preparedness, and the structural challenges facing health systems in less-developed nations. Her work focuses on practical, evidence-based solutions for communities that cannot wait for high-tech interventions.
Go deeper on the issues that matter.
Listen to the Aguilar Conversations podcast — candid discussions on global health, democracy, religion, and society.
Listen to the Podcast